ABSTRACT<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /> Objective: To compare the pharmacodynamic effects of three kinds of drugs, α、β- adrenergic antagonist, calcium-channel blocker, during tracheal intubation. Methods: 40 patients scheduled for elective surgery were randomly assigned into 4 groups: Control (C)-, Esmolol(E), Nicardipine(N)-, and Urapidil(U)- group, 10 patients in each group. Ringer's lactate infusion (10ml•kg-1) was administrated before induction of anesthesia. When induction of anesthesia was completed, anesthesia was maintained with propofol infusion, and the esophegeal probe was placed. Bolus of normal saline solution or esmolol(1mg•kg-1) or urapidil(0.3mg•kg-1)or nicardipine (15mg•kg-1) was administrated before tracheal intubation. Hemodynamic parameters such as SBP, DBP, MAP, HR, CO, TSVR, SV and ACC were measured before and after tracheal intubation. Results: (1) Compared with the values measured before induction of anesthesia , SBP, DBP and MAP in each group decreased significantly after induction of anesthesia (P<0.01); after tracheal intubation, SBPDBPMAP in group C increased significantly (P<0.01), and increased much more than the other three groups(P<0.05 or 0.01). After induction of anesthesia, HR in each group remained unchanged, and after tracheal intubation, HR in group C(T0-4), E(T0), U(T0)and N(T0-8)increased significantly(P<0.05 or 0.01). (2) After tracheal intubation, CO, ACC remained stable in each group. (3) After tracheal intubation, TSVR in group C(T0-10), E(T0,2), N(T0) and U(T0) increased significantly (P<0.05 - 0.01). (4) After tracheal intubation, SV in group C(T0-4)decreased significantly (P<0.05) in group U, E and N, but the change was not significant. Conclusion: Administraton of esmolol(1mg•kg-1) or urapidil(0.3mg•kg-1)can attenuate the stress response resulting from tracheal intubation effectively with stable hemodynamic status. Bolus of nicardipine may result in HR increasing. Key words: Trachealintubation,Esmolol,Nicardipine,Urapidil 讨 论 全麻时放置喉镜和气管插管可导致严重的心血管反应,有关应用不同种类药物预防气管插管期间应激反应的报道非常多,但观察指标多是集中在对血压及心率的影响方面,较少有对心输出量、每搏量、外周血管阻力等血流动力学指标及常用的α、β受体阻滞药和钙离子通道阻滞药之间作用有无差异的临床观察。本文目的即是采用HemosonicTM100食道超声血流动力监测仪,观察α受体、β受体或钙离子通道阻滞药物对气管插管前后血流动力学变化的影响,比较各种药物作用特点和临床效果。 |