The Preliminary Analysis on the Changes of some Neurotransmitters in the Brain during Intravenous General Anesthesia Combined with Inhalation Using Encephalofluctuagraph Technology 纪 方 Fang Ji 博士研究生 张炳熙 Bingxi Zhang 教授 首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院麻醉科,北京100730 Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Tong Ren Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730
ABSTRACT Objective: Encephalofluctuagraph technology was used to monitor the change of some neurotransmitters in the brain during intravenous general anesthesia combined with inhalation, and its value of monitoring the neurotransmitters in the brain was assessed preliminarily. Methods: Nine ASA I-II patients, scheduled for elective thoracotomy, induced with midazolam, fentanyl, propofol and vecuronium and maintained with isoflurane and nitrous oxide. ML-2000 Brain function monitor was used to monitor the change of the glutamate(Glu), Y-aminobutyric acid (GABA), acetylcholine(Ach), nonepinephrine(NE) and dopamine(DA). The changes of these transmitters were recorded before operation, every 20 minutes after induction, before awareness and 17 minutes after awareness. Results: The activity of the acetylcholine descended significantly after induction(from 21.1±8.5 to 15.1±3.3), and was kept in relatively lower level during the operation. The active trend of the glutamate seems to be elevated. Their mean values were 5.5±3.2 before operation and 8.3±1.9 after induction. The trends of the GABA, nonepinephrine and dopamine were not significantly changed. Conclusion: ①The activity of the acetylcholine was depressed significantly during intravenous general anesthesia combined with inhalation, and the active trend of the glutamate was elevated at the same time;②Encephalofluctuagaph technology may be a useful tool for monitoring the change of some neurotransmitters in the brain during general anesthesia but further clinical trails are needed. Key Words: Encephalofluctuagraph technology; Anesthesia, general; Neurotransmitter
 许多研究曾报导过全身麻醉药对脑内神经介质的作用。其作用机制虽仍不十分清楚,但相关研究对于揭示全身麻醉的机理无疑具有重要意义。1990年梅磊等首次报导以大脑涨落图技术(Encephalofluctuagraph Technology, ET)分析帕金森氏症病人治疗过程中多巴胺活性的变化,提示这一技术可能作为临床研究脑内神经介质活动的工具[1]。ET的基本原理为以涨落理论的观点分析脑电信号的近似混沌的运动起伏,认为这种混沌结构中不仅含有随机噪声,而且包含有序振荡,其表现就是在混沌背景上不同周期振荡的相互作用[2]。经过对脑电a波的多重频谱分析,发现正常脑电信号内实际隐含了一系列频率在1-255mHz的超慢波,简称S-谱系(S-spectrum)。进一步实验表明,S-谱系的活动与脑内神经介质的活动有密切关系。该技术已在正常脑功能检测、脑神经化学研究、某些神经内科疾病辅助诊断等方面得到初步应用,但在麻醉领域的应用尚未见报导。ET脑功能检测仪经过改进后,能够在240分钟内对脑内神经介质活动进行连续分析,可初步实现在手术过程中对脑内部分神经介质活性变化的“实时”监测。我们以此项技术对部分静吸复合全麻病人监测手术全过程脑内部分神经介质活性的变化,初步分析结果报告如下。 |